
Dicebant mihi sodales, si sepulchrum amicae visitarem, curas
     meas aliquantulum forelevatas.
                   Ebn Zaiat.
 Misery
 is manifold. The wretchedness of earth is multiform. Overreaching the 
wide horizon as the rainbow, its hues are as various as the hues of that
 arch as distinct too, yet as intimately blended. Overreaching the wide 
horizon as the rainbow ! How is it that from beauty I have derived a 
type of unloveliness ? - from the covenant of peace, a simile of sorrow ?
 But as, in ethics, evil is a consequence of good, so, in fact, out of 
joy is sorrow born. Either the memory of past bliss is the anguish of 
today, or the agonies which are, have their origin in the ecstasies 
which might have been.
My baptismal name is Egaeus; that of my 
family I will not mention. Yet there are no towers in the land more time
 honored than my gloomy, gray, hereditary halls. Our line has been 
called a race of visionaries; and in many striking particulars in the 
character of the family mansion, in the frescos of the chief saloon in 
the tapestries of the dormitories, in the chiselling of some buttresses 
in the armory but more especially in the gallery of antique paintings in
 the fashion of the library chamber and, lastly, in the very peculiar 
nature of the library’s contents there is more than sufficient evidence 
to warrant the belief.
The recollections of my earliest years are
 connected with that chamber, and with its volumes of which latter I 
will say no more. Here died my mother. Herein was I born. But it is mere
 idleness to say that I had not lived before that the soul has no 
previous existence. You deny it ? - let us not argue the matter. 
Convinced myself, I seek not to convince. There is, however, a 
remembrance of aerial forms of spiritual and meaning eyes of sounds, 
musical yet sad, a remembrance which will not be excluded; a memory like
 a shadow, vague, variable, indefinite, unsteady; and like a shadow, 
too, in the impossibility of my getting rid of it while the sunlight of 
my reason shall exist.
In that chamber was I born. Thus awaking 
from the long night of what seemed, but was not, nonentity, at once into
 the very regions of fairy land into a palace of imagination, into the 
wild dominions of monastic thought and erudition it is not singular that
 I gazed around me with a startled and ardent eye that I loitered away 
my boyhood in books, and dissipated my youth in reverie; but it is 
singular that as years rolled away, and the noon of manhood found me 
still in the mansion of my fathers it is wonderful what stagnation there
 fell upon the springs of my life, wonderful how total an inversion took
 place in the character of my commonest thought. The realities of the 
world affected me as visions, and as visions only, while the wild ideas 
of the land of dreams became, in turn, not the material of my every-day 
existence, but in very deed that existence utterly and solely in itself.
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Berenice
 and I were cousins, and we grew up together in my paternal halls. Yet 
differently we grew - I, ill of health, and buried in gloom - she, 
agile, graceful, and overflowing with energy; hers, the ramble on the 
hill-side - mine the studies of the cloister; I, living within my own 
heart, and addicted, body and soul, to the most intense and painful 
meditation - she, roaming carelessly through life, with no thought of 
the shadows in her path, or the silent flight of the raven-winged hours.
 Berenice ! I call upon her name - Berenice ! and from the gray ruins of
 memory a thousand tumultuous recollections are startled at the sound ! 
Ah, vividly is her image before me now, as in the early days of her 
light heartedness and joy ! Oh, gorgeous yet fantastic beauty ! Oh, 
sylph amid the shrubberies of Arnheim ! Oh, Naiad among its fountains ! 
And then...then all is mystery and terror, and a tale which should not 
be told. Disease - a fatal disease, fell like the simoon upon her frame;
 and, even while I gazed upon her, the spirit of change swept over her, 
pervading her mind, her habits, and her character, and, in a manner the 
most subtle and terrible, disturbing even the identity of her person ! 
Alas ! the destroyer came and went ! and the victim - where is she ? I 
knew her not, or knew her no longer as Berenice.
Among the 
numerous train of maladies superinduced by that fatal and primary one 
which effected a revolution of so horrible a kind in the moral and 
physical being of my cousin, may be mentioned as the most distressing 
and obstinate in its nature, a species of epilepsy not unfrequently 
terminating in trance itself, trance very nearly resembling positive 
dissolution, and from which her manner of recovery was in most 
instances, startlingly abrupt. In the mean time my own disease - for I 
have been told that I should call it by no other appellation - my own 
disease, then, grew rapidly upon me, and assumed finally a monomaniac 
character of a novel and extraordinary form, hourly and momently gaining
 vigor, and at length obtaining over me the most incomprehensible 
ascendancy. This monomania, if I must so term it, consisted in a morbid 
irritability of those properties of the mind in metaphysical science 
termed the attentive. It is more than probable that I am not understood;
 but I fear, indeed, that it is in no manner possible to convey to the 
mind of the merely general reader, an adequate idea of that nervous 
intensity of interest with which, in my case, the powers of meditation 
(not to speak technically) busied and buried themselves, in the 
contemplation of even the most ordinary objects of the universe.
To
 muse for long unwearied hours, with my attention riveted to some 
frivolous device on the margin, or in the typography of a book; to 
become absorbed, for the better part of a summer’s day, in a quaint 
shadow falling aslant upon the tapestry or upon the floor; to lose 
myself, for an entire night, in watching the steady flame of a lamp, or 
the embers of a fire; to dream away whole days over the perfume of a 
flower; to repeat, monotonously, some common word, until the sound, by 
dint of frequent repetition, ceased to convey any idea whatever to the 
mind; to lose all sense of motion or physical existence, by means of 
absolute bodily quiescence long and obstinately persevered in: such were
 a few of the most common and least pernicious vagaries induced by a 
condition of the mental faculties, not, indeed, altogether unparalleled,
 but certainly bidding defiance to anything like analysis or 
explanation.
Yet let me not be misapprehended. The undue, 
earnest, and morbid attention thus excited by objects in their own 
nature frivolous, must not be confounded in character with that 
ruminating propensity common to all mankind, and more especially 
indulged in by persons of ardent imagination. It was not even, as might 
be at first supposed, an extreme condition, or exaggeration of such 
propensity, but primarily and essentially distinct and different. In the
 one instance, the dreamer, or enthusiast, being interested by an object
 usually not frivolous, imperceptibly loses sight of this object in a 
wilderness of deductions and suggestions issuing therefrom, until, at 
the conclusion of a day dream often replete with luxury, he finds the 
incitamentum, or first cause of his musings, entirely vanished and 
forgotten. In my case, the primary object was invariably frivolous, 
although assuming, through the medium of my distempered vision, a 
refracted and unreal importance. Few deductions, if any, were made; and 
those few pertinaciously returning in upon the original object as a 
centre. The meditations were never pleasurable; and, at the termination 
of the reverie, the first cause, so far from being out of sight, had 
attained that supernaturally exaggerated interest which was the 
prevailing feature of the disease. In a word, the powers of mind more 
particularly exercised were, with me, as I have said before, the 
attentive, and are, with the day-dreamer, the speculative.
My 
books, at this epoch, if they did not actually serve to irritate the 
disorder, partook, it will be perceived, largely, in their imaginative 
and inconsequential nature, of the characteristic qualities of the 
disorder itself. I well remember, among others, the treatise of the 
noble Italian, Coelius Secundus Curio, “De Amplitudine Beati Regni Dei;”
 St. Austin’s great work, the “City of God;” and Tertullian’s “De Carne 
Christi,” in which the paradoxical sentence “Mortuus est Dei filius; 
credible est quia ineptum est: et sepultus resurrexit; certum est quia 
impossibile est,” occupied my undivided time, for many weeks of 
laborious and fruitless investigation.
Thus it will appear that, 
shaken from its balance only by trivial things, my reason bore 
resemblance to that ocean-crag spoken of by Ptolemy Hephestion, which 
steadily resisting the attacks of human violence, and the fiercer fury 
of the waters and the winds, trembled only to the touch of the flower 
called Asphodel. And although, to a careless thinker, it might appear a 
matter beyond doubt, that the alteration produced by her unhappy malady,
 in the moral condition of Berenice, would afford me many objects for 
the exercise of that intense and abnormal meditation whose nature I have
 been at some trouble in explaining, yet such was not in any degree the 
case. In the lucid intervals of my infirmity, her calamity, indeed, gave
 me pain, and, taking deeply to heart that total wreck of her fair and 
gentle life, I did not fail to ponder, frequently and bitterly, upon the
 wonder-working means by which so strange a revolution had been so 
suddenly brought to pass. But these reflections partook not of the 
idiosyncrasy of my disease, and were such as would have occurred, under 
similar circumstances, to the ordinary mass of mankind. True to its own 
character, my disorder revelled in the less important but more startling
 changes wrought in the physical frame of Berenice in the singular and 
most appalling distortion of her personal identity.
During the 
brightest days of her unparalleled beauty, most surely I had never loved
 her. In the strange anomaly of my existence, feelings with me, had 
never been of the heart, and my passions always were of the mind. 
Through the gray of the early morning, among the trellised shadows of 
the forest at noonday and in the silence of my library at night, she had
 flitted by my eyes, and I had seen her, not as the living and breathing
 Berenice, but as the Berenice of a dream; not as a being of the earth, 
earthy, but as the abstraction of such a being; not as a thing to 
admire, but to analyze; not as an object of love, but as the theme of 
the most abstruse although desultory speculation. And now, now I 
shuddered in her presence, and grew pale at her approach; yet, bitterly 
lamenting her fallen and desolate condition, I called to mind that she 
had loved me long, and, in an evil moment, I spoke to her of marriage.
And
 at length the period of our nuptials was approaching, when, upon an 
afternoon in the winter of the year - one of those unseasonably warm, 
calm, and misty days which are the nurse of the beautiful Halcyon, I 
sat, (and sat, as I thought, alone,) in the inner apartment of the 
library. But, uplifting my eyes, I saw that Berenice stood before me.
Was
 it my own excited imagination, or the misty influence of the 
atmosphere, or the uncertain twilight of the chamber, or the gray 
draperies which fell around her figure that caused in it so vacillating 
and indistinct an outline ? I could not tell. She spoke no word; and I 
not for worlds could I have uttered a syllable. An icy chill ran through
 my frame; a sense of insufferable anxiety oppressed me; a consuming 
curiosity pervaded my soul; and sinking back upon the chair, I remained 
for some time breathless and motionless, with my eyes riveted upon her 
person. Alas! its emaciation was excessive, and not one vestige of the 
former being lurked in any single line of the contour. My burning 
glances at length fell upon the face.
The forehead was high, and 
very pale, and singularly placid; and the once jetty hair fell partially
 over it, and overshadowed the hollow temples with innumerable ringlets,
 now of a vivid yellow, and jarring discordantly, in their fantastic 
character, with the reigning melancholy of the countenance. The eyes 
were lifeless, and lustreless, and seemingly pupilless, and I shrank 
involuntarily from their glassy stare to the contemplation of the thin 
and shrunken lips. They parted; and in a smile of peculiar meaning, the 
teeth of the changed Berenice disclosed themselves slowly to my view. 
Would to God that I had never beheld them, or that, having done so, I 
had died !
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 
The shutting 
of a door disturbed me, and, looking up, I found that my cousin had 
departed from the chamber. But from the disordered chamber of my brain, 
had not, alas ! departed, and would not be driven away, the white and 
ghastly spectrum of the teeth. Not a speck on their surface, not a shade
 on their enamel, not an indenture in their edges but what that period 
of her smile had sufficed to brand in upon my memory. I saw them now 
even more unequivocally than I beheld them then. The teeth ! - the teeth
 ! - they were here, and there, and everywhere, and visibly and palpably
 before me; long, narrow, and excessively white, with the pale lips 
writhing about them, as in the very moment of their first terrible 
development. Then came the full fury of my monomania, and I struggled in
 vain against its strange and irresistible influence. In the multiplied 
objects of the external world I had no thoughts but for the teeth. For 
these I longed with a phrenzied desire. All other matters and all 
different interests became absorbed in their single contemplation. They -
 they alone were present to the mental eye, and they, in their sole 
individuality, became the essence of my mental life. I held them in 
every light. I turned them in every attitude. I surveyed their 
characteristics. I dwelt upon their peculiarities. I pondered upon their
 conformation. I mused upon the alteration in their nature. I shuddered 
as I assigned to them in imagination a sensitive and sentient power, and
 even when unassisted by the lips, a capability of moral expression. Of 
Mademoiselle Salle it has been well said, “Que tous ses pas etaient des 
sentiments,” and of Berenice I more seriously believed que toutes ses 
dents etaient des idees. Des idees! - ah here was the idiotic thought 
that destroyed me ! Des idees ! - ah therefore it was that I coveted 
them so madly! I felt that their possession could alone ever restore me 
to peace, in giving me back to reason.
And the evening closed in 
upon me thus and then the darkness came, and tarried, and went, and the 
day again dawned, and the mists of a second night were now gathering 
around, and still I sat motionless in that solitary room, and still I 
sat buried in meditation, and still the phantasma of the teeth 
maintained its terrible ascendancy, as, with the most vivid hideous 
distinctness, it floated about amid the changing lights and shadows of 
the chamber. At length there broke in upon my dreams a cry as of horror 
and dismay; and thereunto, after a pause, succeeded the sound of 
troubled voices, intermingled with many low moanings of sorrow or of 
pain. I arose from my seat, and throwing open one of the doors of the 
library, saw standing out in the ante-chamber a servant maiden, all in 
tears, who told me that Berenice was...no more ! She had been seized 
with epilepsy in the early morning, and now, at the closing in of the 
night, the grave was ready for its tenant, and all the preparations for 
the burial were completed.
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 
I
 found myself sitting in the library, and again sitting there alone. It 
seemed that I had newly awakened from a confused and exciting dream. I 
knew that it was now midnight, and I was well aware, that since the 
setting of the sun, Berenice had been interred. But of that dreary 
period which intervened I had no positive, at least no definite 
comprehension. Yet its memory was replete with horror - horror more 
horrible from being vague, and terror more terrible from ambiguity. It 
was a fearful page in the record my existence, written all over with 
dim, and hideous, and unintelligible recollections. I strived to 
decypher them, but in vain; while ever and anon, like the spirit of a 
departed sound, the shrill and piercing shriek of a female voice seemed 
to be ringing in my ears. I had done a deed - what was it ? I asked 
myself the question aloud, and the whispering echoes of the chamber 
answered me, - “what was it ?”
On the table beside me burned a 
lamp, and near it lay a little box. It was of no remarkable character, 
and I had seen it frequently before, for it was the property of the 
family physician; but how came it there, upon my table, and why did I 
shudder in regarding it ? These things were in no manner to be accounted
 for, and my eyes at length dropped to the open pages of a book, and to a
 sentence underscored therein. The words were the singular but simple 
ones of the poet Ebn Zaiat: - “Dicebant mihi sodales si sepulchrum 
amicae visitarem, curas meas aliquantulum fore levatas.” Why then, as I 
perused them, did the hairs of my head erect themselves on end, and the 
blood of my body become congealed within my veins?
There came a 
light tap at the library door and, pale as the tenant of a tomb, a 
menial entered upon tiptoe. His looks were wild with terror, and he 
spoke to me in a voice tremulous, husky, and very low. What said he ? 
some broken sentences I heard. He told of a wild cry disturbing the 
silence of the night of the gathering together of the household of a 
search in the direction of the sound; and then his tones grew 
thrillingly distinct as he whispered me of a violated grave of a 
disfigured body enshrouded, yet still breathing still palpitating, still
 alive !
He pointed to garments; they were muddy and clotted with
 gore. I spoke not, and he took me gently by the hand: it was indented 
with the impress of human nails. He directed my attention to some object
 against the wall. I looked at it for some minutes: it was a spade. With
 a shriek I bounded to the table, and grasped the box that lay upon it. 
But I could not force it open; and in my tremor, it slipped from my 
hands, and fell heavily, and burst into pieces; and from it, with a 
rattling sound, there rolled out some instruments of dental surgery, 
intermingled with thirty-two small, white and ivory-looking substances 
that were scattered to and fro about the floor.